As effluent recycling moves from recycling for irrigation to more productive end uses in the manufacturing process, the need for purer water and better and more efficient processes gains importance.     One of the critical processes for recycling secondar... 

The birth of “cutting fluids” or coolant revolutionized the operations of engineering industries - but have equally created a negative impact on the environment – Coolants are highly non bio-degradable. Upon continuous usage in the machine, soluble cutting ... 

Electroplating operations and metal finishing lines use a combination of metal salts in different concentrations to achieve the desired finish or metal coating on the job. The jobs are further rinsed and rinse water with the carry over metals is generated as wastewater. &nbs... 

In the current scenario, sewage is an abundantly available resource that can fill the gap between water availability and demand. Though most of the organic compounds found in sewage can be treated readily, there are constituents - such as organic nitrogen - that are not eas... 

Treatment of potable water for disinfection has traditionally been achieved by the processes of chlorination and dechlorination. However, the dependence of chlorine treatment efficiency on several factors such as pH, temperature and presence pf interfering radicals - is well...